People: Edwin Dunkin





Name Dunkin, Edwin
 
Place of work Greenwich
 
Employment dates
21 Aug 1838 – 25 Aug 1884
 


Posts 1838, Aug 21

Computer (Planetary and Lunar Reductions)
  1840, Nov 1

Assistant (Magnetic)

1845, Oct

Assistant (Astronomical)

1871, Apr 1

First Class Assistant (following regrading exercise)
1881, Aug 15
Chief Assistant
1884, Aug 26
Retired
 
Born 1821, Aug 19


Died 1898, Nov 26




Family connections

Brother Richard Dunkin employed as a Computer (1838–1847), Father William Dunkin (d.1838) had been employed as a Computer on the Nautical Almanac




Known addresses 1838

5 Park Street. Later renamed Greenwich Park Street. House demolished in the 1870s, to make way for the railway extension

1838–1839
10 Crooms Hill Grove
1839–1846 5 St Marys Place, Greenwich Road. Later known as 20 Greenwich High Road, now demolished
1846 1858 14 Cottage Place. Renamed c.1899 as 81 Dutton Street, now demolished
1858–1859 7 Royal Circus Street (Circus Street). No 7 remained as No 7 after the 1890s renumbering of the road
1859–1871 22 Royal Circus Street (Circus Street) Renumbered in the 1890s as No. 2
1871–1898
Kenwyn, 14 Kidbrooke Park Road. Renumbered as 27 in about 1889

Greenwich Observatory, Edwin Dunkin

Edwin Dunkin. From The Leisure Hour (1898)

Edwin Dunkin and his younger brother Richard were brought up in Truro Cornwall where their father William was a Computer for the Nautical Almanac. Like the other computers employed on the Almanac, he worked from home. When in 1832, the Nautical Almanac Office was set up in Somerset House by William Stratford; he either had to move to London, or give up his job. Having uprooted his family to move, he died in office a few years later in 1838. At that point, Edwin Dunkin was 17 years old.

Desparate for suitable employment for the two boys, the family sought the advice of their father’s old friend, the Cornishman Davies Gilbert, (a former President of the Royal Society, former Chairman of the Observatory’s Board of Visitors and still a current and active member of the Board), who promised to do what he could to help. He wrote to Stratford asking for his assistance. Although there were no immediate jobs on offer at the Nautical Almanac Office, Stratford arranged for the boys to be examined by one of his assistants and subsequently recommended them to George Airy, the Astronomer Royal, who was recruiting Computers for the Planetary and Lunar Reductions. Having interviewd the two boys, Airy then took them both on on a temporary basis.

When in 1840, the Admiralty decided to establish the Magnetical and Meteorological Observatory on a more permanent basis; Dunkin was one of two new assistants recruited to run it. He retained this role until William Richardson, a long established Astronomical Assistant, was forced out at the end of October 1845 as a result of a scandal surrounding his personal life. Unlike the Magnetic Assistant posts, those of the Astronomical Assistants were permanent (established). When the Assistants’ pay scales came to be restructured in 1871, Dunkin was the third most senior assistant after Dunkin and Glaisher. Together with William Ellis, he was regraded as a First Class Assistant.

When Christie was promoted from Chief Assistant to Astronomer Royal on 15 August 1881, Dunkin was promoted to fill his place. His appointment was unusual in that it broke with the convention that had been in place since 1835 of appointing exceptional young maths graduates from Cambridge to the post. Given that Dunkin was not far off retirement at the time of his promotion, his colleagues at the Observatory were hopeful that his replacement would also come from within. It wasn’t to be. Dunkin turned out to be a one off exception, with the pattern of recruiting Cambridge graduates restarting when he retired. His replacement was Herbert H. Turner who had gained the second best maths degree in the year he graduated. In April 1884, a few moths before he retired, Dunkin became President of the Royal Astronomical Society for the usual period of two years. In this capacity, he became a member of the Observatory’s Board of Visitors, but since the Royal Warrant of 1858 prevented him from taking a seat on the Board while still working at the Observatory, he was only able to attend the 1885 Visitation.

For details of the different roles Dunkin had whilst at the Observatory, the obituaries (below) should be consulted.

 

Obituaries

By W.G.T. (William Grassett Thackeray) Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 59, p.221 (1899)

By Henry Hollis. The Observatory, Vol. 22, p. 49-52 (1899)

 

Further Reading

Dunkin, Edwin, P. D. Hingley, T. C. Daniel, and Allan Chapman. A Far Off Vision: A Cornishman at Greenwich Observatory : Auto-Biographical Notes. [Cornwall]: Royal Institution of Cornwall, 1999.